Style Sheet for Word and Music Studies

WMA Style Sheet PDF

Your text should be between 5000 and 7000 words (including footnotes and references). An abstract of 100 to 200 words precedes the article proper, which should be divided into sections labeled with Arabic numerals and headings.

Page Layout

The layout of your contribution will be taken care of in the copy editing process. Use as little formatting on the page layout level as possible. In particular, do not use tab stops (or spaces) to indent paragraphs. Should you be using chapter headings, please number and justify centre them. The basic page layout is as follows:

Layout example

Text Formatting, Punctuation, Spelling, and Citations

Tables, Illustrations, and Captions

All illustrations must be greyscaled TIF(F)-files with a resolution of 300dpi at full size (the print space is 11cm wide and 18cm high) and sent as separate attachments.

If you wish to use copyrighted material, you must request permission from the copyright owner for the work to be reproduced in your article.

Tables are labelled ‘Figures’, excerpts from musical scores: ‘Examples’, and all other types of visual material ‘Illustrations’. Captions are placed underneath each and numbered through. They take the following forms:

Always refer to the illustrations within your text, e. g.: (see Illustration 1).

List of References

Full references for sources should be listed alphabetically at the end of the text. The title of this section is ‘References’.

If more than one publication by an author is documented, these publications are listed chronologically. The exception to this is that authored publications precede edited publications. More than one publication per year by one author are distinguished by lowercase letters, e. g.: 2007a, 2007b. Example:

Stam, Robert (1985). Reflexivity in Film and Literature: From Don Quixote to Jean-Luc Godard. New York, NY: CUP.

— (2000a). Film Theory: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.

— (2000b). “The Question of Realism”. Stam/Miller, eds. 223–228.

—, Toby Miller, eds. (2000). Film and Theory: An Anthology. Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Note that in this case the author’s name is not repeated but replaced by a fourfold dash followed by a non-breaking space.

If the edition of a work you use is not the first edition, indicate the original date of publication (if known) before the date of the edition you used, separated by a slash, e. g.:

Adorno, Theodor (1949/1975). Philosophie der neuen Musik. Gesammelte Schriften 12. Frankfurt/M.: Suhrkamp.

A reference to this entry in the text would correspondingly appear as (Adorno 1949/1975: 7).

Guidelines for the most common types of sources:

a) monograph

Last Name, First Name (Year). Title: Subtitle. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Example:

Abel, Lionel (1963). Metatheatre: A New Vision of Dramatic Form. New York, NY: Hill & Wang.

Note that title and subtitle are separated by a colon. (If a second subtitle follows the first, they are separated by a full stop.)

If the place of publication is in the US, Canada, or Australia indicate the state after the city. If there are several places of publication, separate them with slashes (e. g.: New York, NY/London: Methuen). For books with more than two authors, reverse only the name of the first author. Example:

Asemissen, Hermann, Gunter Schweikhart (1994). Malerei als Thema der Malerei. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.

Additional information pertaining to the edition, the translator, the book series etc. should be placed between the title and the place of publication. Examples:

Brown, Calvin S. (1948/1987). Music and Literature: A Comparison of the Arts. 2nd ed. Hanover, NH: UP of New England.

Sterne, Laurence (1759–1767/1967). The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. Ed. Graham Petrie. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Genette, Gérard (1972/1980). Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. Trans. Jane E. Lewin. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP.

Blüggel, Beate (1992). Tom Stoppard: Metadrama und Postmoderne. Arbeiten zur Ästhetik, Didaktik, Literaturund Sprachwissenschaft 16. Frankfurt/M.: Lang.

b) journal article

Last Name, First Name (Year). “Title”. Journal Volume/Issue: Page Numbers.

Nelles, William (1992). “Stories within Stories: Narrative Levels and Embedded Narrative”. Studies in Literary Imagination 25/1: 79–96

c) work in an anthology

Last Name, First Name (Year). “Title”. First Name Last Name, ed. Title of Anthology. Place of Publication: Publisher. Page Numbers.

Example:

Ahrends, Günter (1987). “Aspekte der poetologischen Thematik in der amerikanischen Lyrik des 20. Jahrhunderts”. Rudolf Haas, ed. Amerikanische Lyrik: Perspektiven und Interpretationen. Berlin: Schmidt. 77–98.

If an anthology has more than one editor, ‘ed.’ is changed to ‘eds.’. If there are more than three editors, only name of the first one and add ‘et al., eds.’. If you cite more than one work from the same anthology, provide a separate entry for the anthology and cross-reference to it for the individual works. Example:

Butler, Martin, Arvi Sepp (2007). “The Itchy and Scratchy Show: Beobachtungen zur Metaisierung im amerikanischen Fernsehcartoon The Simpsons”. Hauthal et al., eds. 361–376.

Gymnich, Marion (2007). “Meta-Film und Meta-TV: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Metaisierung in Filmen und Fernsehserien”. Hauthal et al., eds. 127–154.

Hauthal, Janine, et al., eds. (2007). Metaisierung in Literatur und anderen Medien: Theoretische Grundlagen, historische Perspektiven, Metagattungen, Funktionen. Spectrum Literaturwissenschaft 12. Berlin: de Gruyter.

d) online source

journal:

Last Name, First Name (Year: online). “Title”. Journal Volume/Issue. URL. [date of access].

Example:

Harpold, Terry (2007: online). “Screw the Grue: Mediality, Metalepsis, Recapture”. Game Studies 7/1. http://gamestudies.org/0701/articles/harpold. [23/03/2009].

other source:

Last Name, First Name (Year if known: online). “Title”. Name of Website. Hosting Institution (if applicable). URL. [date of access].

Examples:

Jahn, Manfred (2003: online). “A Guide to Narratological Film Analysis”. Poems, Plays, and Prose: A Guide to the Theory of Literary Genres. English Department, University of Cologne. http://www.uni-koeln.de/~ame02/ pppf.htm. [04/05/2008].

Meyers, Cathleen (online). “The Phantom’s Evolution: From Novel to Screen to Stage”. Peers. http://www.peers.org/revphant.html. [25/07/2008].

e) thesis

Last Name, First Name (Year). Title. PhD/MA/etc. thesis, Degree-Granting University. Examples:

Boym, Svetlana (1988). Life and Death in Quotation Marks: Cultural Myth of the Modern Poet. PhD thesis, Harvard University.

f) film

Last Name, First Name, dir. (Year). Title. Film. Country: Company.

Example:

Allen, Woody, dir. (1985). The Purple Rose of Cairo. Film. USA: Orion Pictures.

If you wish to include additional information about a film, put it between the title and company, except for DVD details, which should be placed in square brackets at the end of the entry. Example:

Forman, Milos, dir. (1984). Amadeus. Peter Shaffer, screenplay. Film. USA: The Saul Zaentz Company.

Brooks, Mel, dir. (1993). Robin Hood: Men in Tights. Film. USA: Brooksfilms. [DVD: Columbia Tristar Home Video, 2000.]

g) television broadcast

“Title of Episode” (Year). Title of Programme. Season/Series Number, Episode Number. TV. Network.

Example:

"College" (1999). The Sopranos. Season 1, Episode 5. TV. HBO.

If the broadcast you quote is not part of a serial, list the title of the programme instead of the title of the episode. If neither season/series number nor episode number are applicable, list the broadcast date (Day Month).

Similarly to film, DVD details should be placed in square brackets at the end of the entry. Example:

"College" (1999). The Sopranos. Season 1, Episode 5. TV. HBO. [DVD: The Sopranos: Complete Series 1. Warner Home Video, 2003.]

h) exhibition catalogue

Last Name, First Name [artist and/or curator, editor] (Year). Title of the publication. Exh. cat. Place of the exhibition: exhibition venue, date of exhibition. Place of publication: Publisher.

Example:

Höfer, Candida (2006). Louvre: Photographien. Exh. cat. Paris: Musée du Louvre, 19 October 2006 – 8 January 2007. Munich: Schirmer/Mosel.

If a type of source you used is not covered by these cases, try to provide as many details about it as possible.